Scouring agent.



HEINRICH ocxnnivrnrnt; or GROSS-JENA, NEAR NAUMBURG-ON-THE-SAALE,

GERMANY.

SCOURING AGENT.

No Drawing.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 22, 1914.

Application filed December 15,1913. Serial No. 806,814.

To all whom it may concern:

.Be it known that I, HEINRICH OoKnL- MANN, a citizen of the GermanEmpire, and

residing at Gross-Jena, near Naumburg-on the-Saale, Germany, haveinvented certaln new. and useful Improvements 1n Scouring Agents, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My lnventlon relates to a scourmg agent in the form of a paste or of apowder or bleaching powder. The said agent is pri marily intended forremoving spots or blemishes, e. g. from textile fabrics.

I have found that, in the case of liquid scourin agents which containcaustic or other aIkalis, the addition of a solution of sugar produces aprotective action, 71. e. an

action which eliminates the action of the ing agents are rightly chosen,the admixture of sugar causes an important enhancement in the cleansingor scouring action without the alkalis contained in the soap, i. e.inthe washing agent, attacking the fabric either in respect to itsfibers or to its coloring.

As is already known, sugar has been added to soaps, the object of thissugar being, in one instance, simply to serve the function of a loadingmaterial. On the other hand, as is already known, sugar has been addedin order to neutralize the action of the alkalis. In contradistinctionto these known methods, I add a quantity of sugar which is many timesgreater than the quantity of alkali as possible. It has been found onthe other hand that the admixture of very large quantltles of sugar tosoap gives rise to dithculties inasmuch as with such a large admlxturethe product crumbles and obtains such a consistency that the soap isrendered unfit for use. I have found, however, that I can give to mysoap a very considerable quantity of sugar and consequently can give asomewhat considerable percentage of caustic potash by adding to themixture either alcohol or a material analogous thereto such as theoxidation products of alcohols. Even the addition of a comparativelysmall percentage of alcohol yields the desired beneficial action.Moreover the alcohol negatives the sticky efli'ect of the sugar. FinallyI have found that if I reduce the percentage of fatty acids, or soaps asfar as possible or if exclude the fatty acids entirely, then, owlng tothe correspondingly large ad mixture of sugar, I can obtain a cleansingor a bleaching material which has the form of a powder or of a paste andto which soap or soda can be added according to requirernent. The soapwhich I produce has an exceptional property in that it can be used withsea-water.

In carrying out my invention I preferably employ the following mixtures:

'1. In the case of a soap of the first kind described: 40% fatty.acids,10% caustic potash (or alkali), 25% sugar or analogous materials, 25%water. The percentage of the constituents of the mixture may be chosento be somewhat different from the above. Instead of caustic potash,caustic soda may be employed. It would be taken for granted, however,that the percentage admixture of sugar is many times greater than thepercentage of alkali. The materials analogous to sugar may consist ofstarch, syrup, molasses or the like.

2. When the percentage of sugar is increased owing to an admixture ofalcohol: 2000 g. sugar, or analogous materials, 2000 g. grain-soap, 80g. caustic potash, 120 g. alcohol or analogous materials; or 1500grain-soap, 500g. sugar, or analogous materials, 19 g. caustic potash,30 g. alcohol or analogous materials.

3. When it is desired to make a cleansing, washing, or bleaching agentin the form of a powder or paste: 4% caustic potash,

80-83% sugar or analogous materials, 1214% alcohol or analogousmaterials.

When employing caustic soda I prefer the following mixture: 3% causticsoda, 8487 sugar or analogous materials, 12% alcohol or analogousmaterials. The latter mixture may however comprise an admixture of sodaor soap in desired proportions, because the Washing or bleaching agentin the said mixture will not froth or lather without such an admixture;on the other hand, the for= mation of froth or lather is in practicerequired of a Washing agent.

I claim 1. A detergent comprising sugar, caustic alkali and alcohol, thesugar being largely in excess of the alcohol, and the product being adry, granular substance.

2. A detergent comprising sugar, caustic alkali and alcohol, thequantity of sugar being in excess. of the quantity of alcohol and ofalkali, the product being a dry, granular material.

3. A detergent comprising sugar, caustic alkali and alcohol, the sugarbeing in excess of the combined quantities of alcohol and alkali, theproduct being a dry granular material. 1

4. A detergent comprising sugar, caustic alkali, alcohol and a soapaddition, the product being a dry'powder. i I

"5. A detergent, comprising sugar, caustic Falkali, soap and alcohol,the sugar content P of the detergentbeing a multiple of the combinedcontent of alkali'and alcohol. In testimony whereof, I aflix mysignature Fin the presence of two witnesses.

HEINRICH OOKELMANN;

Witnesses I I RUDOLPH FRICKE,

N. R. SNYDER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents; each, byaddressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, I). C.

